{"id":1573,"date":"2024-04-30T16:25:36","date_gmt":"2024-04-30T16:25:36","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.sutyo.com\/?p=1573"},"modified":"2024-04-30T16:25:36","modified_gmt":"2024-04-30T16:25:36","slug":"karadeniz-dogal-yapisi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.sutyo.com\/tr\/karadeniz-dogal-yapisi\/","title":{"rendered":"Karadeniz Do\u011fal Yap\u0131s\u0131"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Karadeniz B\u00f6lgesi (T\u00fcrk\u00e7e: Karadeniz B\u00f6lgesi) T\u00fcrkiye&#8217;nin co\u011frafi b\u00f6lgesidir.<\/p>\n<p>Samsun Bafra \u0130l\u00e7esindeki Delta, d\u00fcnyan\u0131n en b\u00fcy\u00fck sulak alanlar\u0131ndan biridir &#8211; benzersiz bir kanal, sazl\u0131k, g\u00f6l ve g\u00f6let ya\u015fam alan\u0131 ve Afrika d\u0131\u015f\u0131ndaki en b\u00fcy\u00fck pelikan kolonisi ve d\u00fcnyan\u0131n yar\u0131s\u0131ndan fazlas\u0131 dahil olmak \u00fczere y\u00fczlerce ku\u015f t\u00fcr\u00fc i\u00e7in \u00f6nemli bir \u00fcreme alan\u0131 c\u00fcce karabatak n\u00fcfusu. WWF, bu e\u015fsiz do\u011fal m\u00fccevherin biyolojik \u00e7e\u015fitlili\u011fini ve ekolojik de\u011ferini korumaya kararl\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>Neden Karadeniz Ad\u0131 verilmi\u015ftir ?<\/p>\n<p>Denize ilk olarak &#8220;Olumsuz Deniz&#8221; ad\u0131n\u0131 veren antik Yunanl\u0131lard\u0131r. Yunanl\u0131lar korktuklar\u0131 i\u00e7in bu ad\u0131 verilmi\u015ftir. Deniz bu \u00fcne kavu\u015ftu \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc gezinmesi zor bir aland\u0131 ve d\u00fc\u015fman kabileler k\u0131y\u0131lar\u0131nda ya\u015f\u0131yordu. Karadeniz&#8217;in 150 metreden fazla derinli\u011fi var ve sular\u0131 neredeyse iki kilometre boyunca hidrojen s\u00fclf\u00fcr ile dolu oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in \u00e7o\u011fu canl\u0131 i\u00e7in korkulan bir atmosfere sahip.<\/p>\n<p>Ayn\u0131 zamanda Karadeniz nehirlerinden ve ya\u011f\u0131\u015flar\u0131ndan tatl\u0131 su almaktad\u0131r. Karadeniz&#8217;de suyun iki tabakas\u0131 aras\u0131nda \u00e7ok d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck bir kar\u0131\u015f\u0131m oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in Karadeniz&#8217;in anoksik b\u00f6lgesinde deniz ya\u015fam\u0131 ya\u015fayamaz. Sadece Karadeniz&#8217;in oksijen bak\u0131m\u0131ndan zengin y\u00fczey sular\u0131 deniz ya\u015fam\u0131n\u0131 destekliyor.<\/p>\n<p>Asl\u0131nda Karadeniz&#8217;de k\u00f6pekbal\u0131klar\u0131 var, ancak insanlar i\u00e7in tehdit olu\u015fturmayan t\u00fcrler, bu y\u00fczden iyi bilinmiyor. Geni\u015f avlanma nedeniyle Karadeniz&#8217;de foklar yok olmu\u015f durumdad\u0131rlar.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-1577 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/www.sutyo.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/Karadeniz-Do\u011fal.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"761\" height=\"319\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.sutyo.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/Karadeniz-Do\u011fal.jpg 761w, https:\/\/www.sutyo.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/Karadeniz-Do\u011fal-300x126.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.sutyo.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/Karadeniz-Do\u011fal-400x168.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 709px) 85vw, (max-width: 909px) 67vw, (max-width: 984px) 61vw, (max-width: 1362px) 45vw, 600px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Karadeniz, mavi nehir, ye\u015fil da\u011flar<br \/>\nBulgaristan, G\u00fcrcistan, Romanya, Rusya, T\u00fcrkiye ve Ukrayna ile \u00e7evrili olan Karadeniz ve \u00e7evresi, g\u00f6rkemli bir manzara ve zengin bir k\u00fclt\u00fcrel ve do\u011fal miras ile dikkat \u00e7ekiyor.<\/p>\n<p>Buna sadece denizin de\u011fil, Tuna Nehri Deltas\u0131, Kafkasya ve Karpat Da\u011flar\u0131 da dahildir. B\u00f6lgenin sular\u0131, sahilleri, deniz ta\u015f\u0131tlar\u0131 ve da\u011flar\u0131 inan\u0131lmaz derecede \u00e7e\u015fitli vah\u015fi ya\u015fam ve habitatlara ev sahipli\u011fi yap\u0131yor.<\/p>\n<p>Ay\u0131lar, kurtlar ve va\u015fak eski b\u00fcy\u00fcme ormanlar\u0131nda ya\u015far. Karadeniz&#8217;de hala \u015fi\u015fman yunuslar\u0131 ve ton bal\u0131\u011f\u0131, hamsi, ringa bal\u0131\u011f\u0131, uskumru ve \u00fcnl\u00fc beyaz mersin bal\u0131\u011f\u0131 da dahil olmak \u00fczere yakla\u015f\u0131k 180 bal\u0131k t\u00fcr\u00fc bulunur. Ne yaz\u0131k ki ke\u015fi\u015f foklar\u0131 burada yok oldu.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_1582\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-1582\" style=\"width: 1718px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-1582 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/www.sutyo.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/Karadeniz-Do\u011fal-2-y\u00f6resel.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1718\" height=\"1017\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.sutyo.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/Karadeniz-Do\u011fal-2-y\u00f6resel.jpg 1718w, https:\/\/www.sutyo.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/Karadeniz-Do\u011fal-2-y\u00f6resel-300x178.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.sutyo.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/Karadeniz-Do\u011fal-2-y\u00f6resel-768x455.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.sutyo.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/Karadeniz-Do\u011fal-2-y\u00f6resel-1024x606.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.sutyo.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/Karadeniz-Do\u011fal-2-y\u00f6resel-1200x710.jpg 1200w, https:\/\/www.sutyo.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/Karadeniz-Do\u011fal-2-y\u00f6resel-400x237.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 709px) 85vw, (max-width: 909px) 67vw, (max-width: 1362px) 62vw, 840px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-1582\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Karadeniz Y\u00f6resinde Do\u011fal Ya\u015fam Ye\u015fillikler i\u00e7erisinde devam etmektedir.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u00c7evresel kav\u015faklar<br \/>\nAncak b\u00f6lgenin do\u011fal zenginli\u011fi ciddi bask\u0131 alt\u0131nda.<br \/>\nKirlilik, petrol s\u0131z\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131, deniz trafi\u011fi, istilac\u0131 t\u00fcrler ve a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 avlanma deniz ve nehirleri tehdit ediyor. A\u015f\u0131r\u0131 ve yasad\u0131\u015f\u0131 tomruk\u00e7uluk, yo\u011fun tar\u0131m ve s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclebilir olmayan k\u0131y\u0131 geli\u015fimi karadaki sorunlard\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>B\u00f6lge, iklim de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fine kar\u015f\u0131 da savunmas\u0131zd\u0131r ve bu da b\u00f6lgenin do\u011fal sistemlerinin halihaz\u0131rda ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 strese katk\u0131da bulunabilir.<\/p>\n<p>Bug\u00fcn Karadeniz b\u00f6lgesi \u00e7evresel bir kav\u015fak noktas\u0131ndad\u0131r. \u0130hmal yolunda devam edebilir veya daha s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclebilir bir gelece\u011fe do\u011fru ilerleyebilir.<\/p>\n<p>Bu zorluklara yan\u0131t olarak WWF, Karadeniz b\u00f6lgesinin korunmas\u0131n\u0131, restorasyonunu ve s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclebilir y\u00f6netimini insan ve \u00e7evre yarar\u0131na te\u015fvik etmek i\u00e7in yerel topluluklar, kurulu\u015flar ve h\u00fck\u00fcmetlerle birlikte \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>Bat\u0131da Marmara B\u00f6lgesi, g\u00fcneyde \u0130\u00e7 Anadolu B\u00f6lgesi, g\u00fcneydo\u011fuda Do\u011fu Anadolu B\u00f6lgesi, kuzeydo\u011fuda G\u00fcrcistan Cumhuriyeti ve kuzeyde Karadeniz ile s\u0131n\u0131r kom\u015fusudur.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-1581 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/www.sutyo.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/Karadeniz-Do\u011fal-2-g\u00f6ky\u00fcz\u00fc.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1028\" height=\"250\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.sutyo.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/Karadeniz-Do\u011fal-2-g\u00f6ky\u00fcz\u00fc.jpg 1028w, https:\/\/www.sutyo.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/Karadeniz-Do\u011fal-2-g\u00f6ky\u00fcz\u00fc-300x73.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.sutyo.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/Karadeniz-Do\u011fal-2-g\u00f6ky\u00fcz\u00fc-768x187.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.sutyo.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/Karadeniz-Do\u011fal-2-g\u00f6ky\u00fcz\u00fc-1024x249.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.sutyo.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/Karadeniz-Do\u011fal-2-g\u00f6ky\u00fcz\u00fc-400x97.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 709px) 85vw, (max-width: 909px) 67vw, (max-width: 1362px) 62vw, 840px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Karadeniz B\u00f6lgesi&#8217;nin n\u00fcfusu 2010 n\u00fcfus say\u0131m\u0131na g\u00f6re 8.439.213&#8217;t\u00fcr. 4.137.166 ki\u015fi \u015fehirlerde, 4.301.747 ki\u015fi k\u00f6ylerde ya\u015famaktad\u0131r. Bu, onu kentsel alanlarda de\u011fil, k\u0131rsal kesimde daha fazla insan\u0131n ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 T\u00fcrkiye&#8217;nin yedi b\u00f6lgesinden sadece biri yap\u0131yor.<\/p>\n<p>Her ne kadar ezici \u00e7o\u011funluk T\u00fcrk olsa da, b\u00f6lgenin do\u011fusunda da G\u00fcrc\u00fc ile yak\u0131ndan ili\u015fkili olan ve ge\u00e7 Osmanl\u0131 d\u00f6neminde G\u00fcrc\u00fc Ortodokslu\u011fu&#8217;ndan M\u00fcsl\u00fcman G\u00fcrc\u00fclere \u0130slam&#8217;a d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fen bir Kartvel dili konu\u015fan Laz, ayr\u0131ca Hemsin, Ermeni \u0130slam&#8217;a, 17. y\u00fczy\u0131lda \u0130slam&#8217;a d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fen Pontik Yunanl\u0131lara [al\u0131nt\u0131 gerekli] H\u0131ristiyan Pontik Yunanl\u0131lar\u0131n [1] geni\u015f bir toplulu\u011fu (n\u00fcfusun yakla\u015f\u0131k% 25&#8217;i) Pontus b\u00f6lgesinde kald\u0131 (T\u00fcrkiye&#8217;nin kuzeydo\u011fusundaki \/ Rus Kafkaslar\u0131ndaki Trabzon ve Kars dahil) 1920&#8217;lere kadar ve 2010&#8217;lara kadar G\u00fcrcistan ve Ermenistan&#8217;\u0131n baz\u0131 b\u00f6lgelerinde, kendi geleneklerini ve Yunanca leh\u00e7esini koruyarak, b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00e7o\u011funluk o zamandan beri \u00e7o\u011funlukla Yunanistan&#8217;a gitti. Ancak, M\u00fcsl\u00fcman Pontik Yunanl\u0131lar\u0131n \u00e7o\u011fu T\u00fcrkiye&#8217;de kald\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>Co\u011frafya<br \/>\nKaradeniz b\u00f6lgesi, k\u0131y\u0131 aral\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n ge\u00e7itleri boyunca akan nehirlere sahip dik ve kayal\u0131k bir sahile sahiptir. Pontik Da\u011flar\u0131 (Do\u011fu Karadeniz Da\u011flar\u0131) boyunca kesilen birka\u00e7 b\u00fcy\u00fck nehirde geni\u015f, y\u00fcksek havzalarda akan kollar\u0131 vard\u0131r. K\u0131y\u0131dan i\u00e7 kesime eri\u015fim birka\u00e7 dar vadiyle s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131d\u0131r, \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc bat\u0131da 1.525 ila 1.800 metre ve do\u011fuda Ka\u00e7kar Da\u011flar\u0131&#8217;nda 3.000 ila 4.000 metre y\u00fckseklikteki da\u011f s\u0131rtlar\u0131, sahili i\u00e7ten ay\u0131ran neredeyse k\u0131r\u0131lmam\u0131\u015f bir duvar olu\u015fturur. Kuzeybat\u0131ya bakan y\u00fcksek yama\u00e7lar yo\u011fun ormanl\u0131k olma e\u011filimindedir. Bu do\u011fal ko\u015fullar nedeniyle Karadeniz sahili tarihsel olarak Anadolu&#8217;dan izole edilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n<p>Karadeniz sahilinin \u0131l\u0131man ve nemli okyanus iklimi, ticari tar\u0131m\u0131 karl\u0131 k\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Bat\u0131da Zonguldak&#8217;tan do\u011fuda Rize&#8217;ye uzanan dar sahil \u015feridi, \u00e7e\u015fitli yerlerde verimli, yo\u011fun ekili deltalara do\u011fru geni\u015fliyor. Orta noktaya yak\u0131n olan Samsun b\u00f6lgesi t\u00fct\u00fcn \u00fcretiminin \u00f6nemli bir b\u00f6lgesidir; do\u011fusunda \u00e7ok say\u0131da narenciye bah\u00e7esi bulunmaktad\u0131r. Samsun&#8217;un do\u011fusunda, Trabzon \u00e7evresindeki b\u00f6lge f\u0131nd\u0131k \u00fcretimi ile d\u00fcnyaca \u00fcnl\u00fcd\u00fcr ve Rize b\u00f6lgesinin \u00e7ok do\u011fusunda \u00e7ay tarlalar\u0131 vard\u0131r. \u00c7ok dik olmad\u0131klar\u0131 her yerde da\u011f yama\u00e7lar\u0131 dahil olmak \u00fczere t\u00fcm ekilebilir alanlar ekilir veya mera olarak kullan\u0131l\u0131r. Karadeniz b\u00f6lgesinin bat\u0131 k\u0131sm\u0131, \u00f6zellikle Zonguldak b\u00f6lgesi, k\u00f6m\u00fcr madencili\u011fi ve a\u011f\u0131r sanayinin merkezidir.<\/p>\n<p>Kuzeydeki Kuzey Anadolu Da\u011flar\u0131, genel olarak Karadeniz k\u0131y\u0131lar\u0131na paralel olan, katlanm\u0131\u015f bir yayla zinciridir. Bat\u0131da da\u011flar d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck olma e\u011filimindedir, rak\u0131mlar nadiren 1.500 metreyi a\u015fmaktad\u0131r, ancak do\u011fu y\u00f6n\u00fcnde Rize&#8217;nin 3.000 metreden daha y\u00fckseklerine kadar y\u00fckselirler. Uzun, oluk benzeri vadiler ve havzalar da\u011flar\u0131 karakterize eder. Nehirler da\u011flardan Karadeniz&#8217;e do\u011fru akar. Anadolu Platosu&#8217;na bakan g\u00fcney yama\u00e7lar\u0131 \u00e7o\u011funlukla a\u011fa\u00e7s\u0131zd\u0131r, ancak kuzey yama\u00e7lar\u0131nda hem yaprak d\u00f6ken hem de yaprak d\u00f6kmeyen a\u011fa\u00e7lar\u0131n yo\u011fun b\u00fcy\u00fcmeleri bulunmaktad\u0131r.Panoramik manzaral\u0131 b\u00f6lgedeki Pontic Da\u011flar\u0131.<br \/>\n\u0130klim<br \/>\nZonguldak<br \/>\n\u0130klim grafi\u011fi (a\u00e7\u0131klama)<br \/>\nOrtalama maks. ve min. \u00b0 C cinsinden s\u0131cakl\u0131k<br \/>\nYa\u011f\u0131\u015f toplam\u0131 (mm)<br \/>\nKaynak: T\u00fcrkiye Devlet Meteorolojisi [2]<br \/>\n\u0130mparatorluk d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm\u00fc<br \/>\nKaradeniz b\u00f6lgesi okyanus iklimine sahiptir (K\u00f6ppen iklim s\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131rmas\u0131: Cfb); y\u00fcksek ve e\u015fit da\u011f\u0131lm\u0131\u015f ya\u011f\u0131\u015f ile y\u0131l boyunca. K\u0131y\u0131da yazlar s\u0131cak ve nemli, k\u0131\u015flar serin ve nemlidir. Karadeniz k\u0131y\u0131lar\u0131 en fazla ya\u011f\u0131\u015f alan ve T\u00fcrkiye&#8217;nin y\u0131l boyunca y\u00fcksek ya\u011f\u0131\u015f alan tek b\u00f6lgesidir. Bu sahilin do\u011fu k\u0131sm\u0131, y\u0131lda en y\u00fcksek ya\u011f\u0131\u015f olan y\u0131lda 2.500 milimetredir. Kar ya\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131 Aral\u0131k ve Mart aylar\u0131 aras\u0131nda olduk\u00e7a yayg\u0131nd\u0131r, bir veya iki hafta boyunca kar ya\u011far ve kar ya\u011fd\u0131\u011f\u0131nda a\u011f\u0131r olabilir.<\/p>\n<p>Karadeniz&#8217;in tamam\u0131ndaki su s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131 her zaman serindir ve y\u0131l boyunca 8 \u00b0 ile 20 \u00b0 C aras\u0131nda dalgalan\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>Karadeniz B\u00f6lgesinde turizm<br \/>\nT\u00fcrkiye&#8217;nin Akdeniz ve Ege b\u00f6lgelerinde yaz s\u0131ca\u011f\u0131ndan ve neminden ho\u015flanmayanlar, [3] Karadeniz b\u00f6lgesinde, neredeyse s\u00fcrekli bulutlu ve yo\u011fun ya\u011f\u0131\u015f alan ve \u00e7ok \u00e7ekici olan da\u011flar\u0131n platolar\u0131na ka\u00e7arlar. zengin flora ve fauna, ormanlar, krater g\u00f6lleri, \u015felaleler, nehirler, akarsular, da\u011f ve do\u011fa y\u00fcr\u00fcy\u00fc\u015f\u00fc, rafting, kano ve k\u0131\u015f sporlar\u0131, avc\u0131l\u0131k ve bal\u0131k\u00e7\u0131l\u0131k, \u00e7im kaya\u011f\u0131, \u015fifal\u0131 su ve yerel yemekler. [4]<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Resmi olarak T\u00fcrkiye Cumhuriyeti olarak bilinen T\u00fcrkiye (T\u00fcrk\u00e7e: T\u00fcrkiye), Bat\u0131 Asya&#8217;da Anadolu yar\u0131madas\u0131 ile G\u00fcneydo\u011fu Avrupa&#8217;n\u0131n Balkan b\u00f6lgesinde Trakya (Rumeli) boyunca uzanan bir Avrasya \u00fclkesidir. T\u00fcrkiye alt\u0131 ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z T\u00fcrk devletinden biridir. T\u00fcrkiye sekiz \u00fclke ile s\u0131n\u0131r kom\u015fusudur: Bulgaristan&#8217;\u0131n kuzeybat\u0131s\u0131nda; Bat\u0131s\u0131nda Yunanistan; G\u00fcrcistan&#8217;\u0131n kuzeydo\u011fusunda; Do\u011fuda Ermenistan, Azerbaycan (Nah\u00e7\u0131van&#8217;\u0131n m\u00fcsteras\u0131) ve \u0130ran; Irak ve Suriye&#8217;nin g\u00fcneydo\u011fusunda. Akdeniz ve K\u0131br\u0131s g\u00fcneydedir; bat\u0131da Ege Denizi; Karadeniz kuzeydedir. Marmara Denizi, Bo\u011faz ve \u00c7anakkale Bo\u011faz\u0131 (birlikte T\u00fcrk Bo\u011fazlar\u0131n\u0131 olu\u015fturur) Do\u011fu Trakya ile Anadolu aras\u0131ndaki s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131 belirler; Avrupa ve Asya&#8217;y\u0131 da ay\u0131r\u0131yorlar. T\u00fcrkiye&#8217;nin ba\u015fkenti Ankara, en b\u00fcy\u00fck \u015fehri \u0130stanbul&#8217;dur.<\/p>\n<p>T\u00fcrkiye Toprak Bilgileri :<\/p>\n<p>Toplam 783.562 km2 (37th) = 302.535 metrekare<br \/>\nSu (%) 1.3<br \/>\nN\u00fcfus:<\/p>\n<p>2009 n\u00fcfus say\u0131m\u0131 72.561.312 (18.)<br \/>\nYo\u011funluk 92,6 \/ km2 (108th) = 239,8 \/ metrekare<br \/>\n\u0130klim:<br \/>\nT\u00fcrkiye&#8217;nin Ege Denizi ve Akdeniz&#8217;i \u00e7evreleyen k\u0131y\u0131 b\u00f6lgeleri, \u0131l\u0131k, kurak yazlar\u0131 ve \u0131l\u0131k ve serin, k\u0131\u015flar\u0131 \u0131l\u0131k olan \u0131l\u0131man bir Akdeniz iklimine sahiptir. T\u00fcrkiye&#8217;nin Karadeniz&#8217;e k\u0131y\u0131s\u0131 olan k\u0131y\u0131 b\u00f6lgeleri, \u0131l\u0131k, ya\u011f\u0131\u015fl\u0131 yazlar\u0131 ve serin-so\u011fuk, ya\u011f\u0131\u015fl\u0131 k\u0131\u015flar\u0131 ile \u0131l\u0131man bir Okyanus iklimine sahiptir. Karadeniz k\u0131y\u0131lar\u0131 en fazla ya\u011f\u0131\u015f alan ve T\u00fcrkiye&#8217;nin y\u0131l boyunca y\u00fcksek ya\u011f\u0131\u015f alan tek b\u00f6lgesidir. Bu sahilin do\u011fu k\u0131sm\u0131, y\u0131lda en y\u00fcksek ya\u011f\u0131\u015f olan y\u0131lda 2.500 milimetredir.<\/p>\n<p>T\u00fcrkiye&#8217;nin Ege Denizi ile Karadeniz&#8217;i birbirine ba\u011flayan \u0130stanbul da dahil olmak \u00fczere Marmara Denizi&#8217;ne k\u0131y\u0131s\u0131 olan k\u0131y\u0131 b\u00f6lgeleri, \u0131l\u0131man bir Akdeniz iklimi ile \u0131l\u0131k-s\u0131cak, orta derecede kuru yazlar ve serin-so\u011fuk, ya\u011f\u0131\u015fl\u0131, \u0131l\u0131man bir Okyanus iklimi aras\u0131nda ge\u00e7i\u015f iklimine sahiptir. k\u0131\u015flar. Marmara Denizi ve Karadeniz&#8217;in k\u0131y\u0131 b\u00f6lgelerinde neredeyse her k\u0131\u015f kar g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr, ancak genellikle birka\u00e7 g\u00fcnden fazla de\u011fildir. \u00d6te yandan, Ege Denizi&#8217;nin k\u0131y\u0131 b\u00f6lgelerinde kar, Akdeniz&#8217;in k\u0131y\u0131 b\u00f6lgelerinde \u00e7ok nadirdir.<\/p>\n<p>Daha kurak i\u00e7 mekanlarda ko\u015fullar \u00e7ok daha sert olabilir. Sahile yak\u0131n da\u011flar Akdeniz etkilerinin i\u00e7 b\u00f6lgelere yay\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6nleyerek T\u00fcrkiye&#8217;nin i\u00e7 Anadolu platosuna keskin kontrast mevsimleri olan karasal bir iklim kazand\u0131r\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>Co\u011frafya a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan, denizler okyanuslardan daha k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fckt\u00fcr ve genellikle kara ve okyanusun bulu\u015ftu\u011fu yerde bulunur. Tipik olarak, denizler k\u0131smen kara ile \u00e7evrilidir. Denizler okyanusun kenarlar\u0131nda bulunur ve k\u0131smen karalarla \u00e7evrilidir. &#8230; Denizler okyanuslardan daha k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fckt\u00fcr ve genellikle kara ve okyanusun bulu\u015ftu\u011fu yerdedir.<\/p>\n<p>Kara Deniz<\/p>\n<p>D\u00fcnyan\u0131n en gen\u00e7 denizlerinden biri, neredeyse g\u00f6l, Avrupa&#8217;n\u0131n en b\u00fcy\u00fck anoksik su k\u00fctlesi, Avrupa&#8217;n\u0131n \u00fc\u00e7te birini bo\u015faltan, a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 avlanan ve a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 kalabal\u0131k, yabanc\u0131 deniz t\u00fcrlerinin istilalar\u0131n\u0131 incelemek i\u00e7in \u00f6rnek bir deniz, yo\u011fun \u00f6trofik, \u00e7ok g\u00fczel, hayat dolu: Siyah Deniz.<\/p>\n<p>Karadeniz Haritas\u0131; Biyo\u00e7e\u015fitlilik, Hidroloji, Co\u011frafya verileri<\/p>\n<p>Karadeniz karalarla \u00e7evrilidir, Bo\u011faz ve \u00c7anakkale Bo\u011fazlar\u0131 Akdeniz&#8217;e ba\u011fland\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan hala bir g\u00f6l de\u011fildir.<\/p>\n<p>Bir\u00e7ok b\u00fcy\u00fck nehir Karadeniz&#8217;e d\u00fc\u015fer ve y\u00fczey suyunun tuzlulu\u011funu okyanusun yar\u0131s\u0131na d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fcr: 17 \u2030. Azalt\u0131lm\u0131\u015f tuzluluk, Karadeniz&#8217;de nispeten d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck biyolojik \u00e7e\u015fitlili\u011fin nedenidir, \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc birka\u00e7 deniz t\u00fcr\u00fc 20 less&#8217;dan daha d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck tuzluluk seviyelerinde ya\u015fayabilir bir pop\u00fclasyonu destekleyebilir.<\/p>\n<p>Karadeniz&#8217;in y\u00fczey suyu daha az tuzlu ve daha az yo\u011fundur, s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131 havaya yak\u0131nd\u0131r: yaz aylar\u0131nda \u0131l\u0131k ve k\u0131\u015f\u0131n \u00e7ok so\u011fuk. Buras\u0131 \u00e7o\u011fu insan\u0131n bildi\u011fi Karadeniz&#8217;dir: y\u00fczd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcm\u00fcz ve dal\u0131\u015f yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z yerdir ve bal\u0131k\u00e7\u0131lar ve yunuslar bal\u0131k yakalarlar.<\/p>\n<p>Tamamen farkl\u0131, derin Karadeniz, 50-150m ara tabakadan 2000 metre derinlikte en dibe kadar: daha y\u00fcksek tuzluluk ve yo\u011funluk, 9o\u0421 sabit s\u0131cakl\u0131k.<\/p>\n<p>Karadeniz y\u00fczey tabakas\u0131 ile daha derin sular aras\u0131nda \u00e7ok d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck bir kar\u0131\u015f\u0131m vard\u0131r. Oksijenin Karadeniz&#8217;in daha derin b\u00f6lgelerine n\u00fcfuz etmesini \u00f6nleyen 200 metrenin alt\u0131nda oksijen yoktur. Deniz hayvanlar\u0131 ve algleri, Karadeniz&#8217;in anoksik b\u00f6lgesinde ya\u015fayamaz, suyun \u00fcst tabaka deniz ya\u015fam\u0131n\u0131n batma kal\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 par\u00e7alayan anaerobik bakteriler taraf\u0131ndan ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr. Bu saprofitik bakteriler, k\u00fck\u00fcrt i\u00e7eren amino asitleri geri d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fcrken s\u00fclf\u00fcrik hidrit (H2S) \u00fcretir.<\/p>\n<p>Karadeniz gen\u00e7 bir denizdir; yakla\u015f\u0131k 8000 y\u0131l \u00f6nce Bo\u011faz ihlali \u00f6ncesinde ac\u0131 bir g\u00f6ld\u00fc. Bug\u00fcn Karadeniz ekosistemi g\u00f6zlerimizin \u00f6n\u00fcnde geli\u015fiyor: Deniz seviyesi hi\u00e7 olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 kadar h\u0131zl\u0131 art\u0131yor; a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 avlanma, k\u0131y\u0131 sular\u0131n\u0131n a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 beslenmesi, yabanc\u0131 istilac\u0131 t\u00fcrlerin getirilmesi gibi deniz ekosistemi \u00fczerindeki insan etkileri deniz ya\u015fam\u0131n\u0131 de\u011fi\u015ftirmektedir. \u00d6rne\u011fin, kabuklar\u0131 hala sahilde buldu\u011fumuz bir\u00e7ok yumu\u015fak\u00e7a, son y\u0131llarda Karadeniz bentik habitatlar\u0131ndan kayboldu: Pasifik bir gastropod, 1940&#8217;larda Karadeniz&#8217;i kolonize eden Rapana venosa taraf\u0131ndan yutuldu.<\/p>\n<p>Karadeniz&#8217;e akan nehirler, Karadeniz&#8217;in herhangi bir damla y\u00fczey suyunda ya\u015fayan g\u00f6r\u00fcnmez tek h\u00fccreli alglerin b\u00fcy\u00fcmesi i\u00e7in gerekli olan b\u00fcy\u00fck miktarda besin getiriyor. Elektron mikroskobu kullanarak en k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck Karadeniz canl\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n ince detaylar\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6rebiliriz.<\/p>\n<p>Karadeniz&#8217;in su s\u00fctunundaki k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck deniz bitkileri, mikroskopik deniz hayvanlar\u0131, zooplankton: infusoria ve amip gibi protozoanlar, k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck kabuklular, di\u011fer bir\u00e7ok deniz omurgas\u0131zlar\u0131 ve larvalar\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan s\u0131yr\u0131l\u0131r. Karadeniz planktonunda sifozoan denizanas\u0131 ve ktenophores gibi baz\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fck deniz organizmalar\u0131 bulunur.<\/p>\n<p>Karadeniz deniz ya\u015fam\u0131, s\u00f6rf hatt\u0131ndan ba\u015flayarak harikalarla doludur. S\u0131\u011f kumlu dibinde y\u00fcr\u00fcyen, yenge\u00e7ler, yumu\u015fak\u00e7alar ve bentik bal\u0131klarla tan\u0131\u015f\u0131yoruz, neredeyse farkedilemiyor, her zaman renklerini dibine e\u015fle\u015ftiriyoruz: gobiler, yass\u0131 bal\u0131klar, k\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131 ve alt\u0131n-gri kefallar, stargazer, pipefish ve di\u011ferleri. Karadeniz&#8217;in kumlu dibinin \u00e7ok \u00f6zel bir bentik toplulu\u011fu, Zostera seagrass&#8217;\u0131n sualt\u0131 \u00e7ay\u0131rlar\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan olu\u015fturulmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n<p>Karadeniz&#8217;in en \u00e7e\u015fitli ve ilgin\u00e7 deniz ya\u015fam\u0131 kayal\u0131k dip ya\u015fam alanlar\u0131ndad\u0131r. \u00c7ok s\u0131\u011f suda, \u00e7ok renkli makroalgler, rengarenk parlak \u0131\u015f\u0131klar, karidesler ve deniz anemonlar\u0131 buluyoruz.<\/p>\n<p>Kahverengi alglerin yo\u011fun orman\u0131 Cystoseira barbata diz derinli\u011finde ba\u015flar ve 10-15 m&#8217;ye kadar devam eder. Birka\u00e7 wrasse t\u00fcr\u00fc kahverengi dallar aras\u0131nda ya\u015far ve yuvalar\u0131n\u0131 yapar. Minyat\u00fcr deniz salyangozlar\u0131 alg dallar\u0131nda ilerler, periphytonu kaz\u0131yarak, k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck kabuklular ve deniz solucanlar\u0131 tali \u00fczerinde s\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcr. B\u00fcy\u00fck ta\u015f yenge\u00e7ler ve en parlak Karadeniz bal\u0131\u011f\u0131, k\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131 triplefin burada saklan\u0131yor. Gen\u00e7 kefal okullar\u0131 ve Karadeniz at\u0131 uskumrular\u0131 sualt\u0131 orman\u0131n\u0131n ta\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 s\u00fcp\u00fcr\u00fcr. Daha k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck ve daha soluk Karadeniz deniz hayvanlar\u0131 ve bitkilerinin ay\u0131rt edilmesi i\u00e7in daha fazla \u00e7abaya ihtiyac\u0131 vard\u0131r, ancak b\u00fcy\u00fck ve parlak olanlardan daha az \u015fa\u015f\u0131rt\u0131c\u0131 de\u011fildirler &#8211; manik\u00fcrde neredeyse g\u00f6r\u00fcnmez yenge\u00e7 Macropodia longirostris b\u00fcy\u00fcyen yosun \u00e7al\u0131 gibi.<\/p>\n<p>Karadeniz&#8217;in derinliklerine dald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131zda, b\u00fcy\u00fck sualt\u0131 kayalar\u0131n\u0131n etraf\u0131nda y\u00fczen lekeli bir avc\u0131 ve k\u0131zb\u00f6cek okullar\u0131 g\u00f6receksiniz. B\u00fcy\u00fck bal\u0131k t\u00fcrleri deniz ak\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131d\u0131r; kahverengi yetersiz aileler kanyonlarda saklan\u0131r; deniz baslar\u0131 alt b\u00f6lgelerinde devriye geziyor. \u00c7e\u015fitli deniz kaplama organizmalar\u0131 kaya y\u00fczeylerini kaplar: t\u00fcm renklerin s\u00fcngerleri, bryozoanlar, hidroid kolonilerinin pl\u00fcjleri, solunga\u00e7lar\u0131n \u00e7i\u00e7ekleri ile sedanter Polychaeta ve Karadeniz&#8217;in en ilgin\u00e7 deniz hayvanlar\u0131. Denizalt\u0131 kayalar\u0131 25-45 m derinlikte biter ve kumlu raf karanl\u0131kta e\u011fimlidir. Buras\u0131 so\u011fuk; yaz<\/p>\n<p>Kaynak:<a href=\"http:\/\/blacksea-education.ru\/blacksea.shtml\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/blacksea-education.ru\/blacksea.shtml<\/a><\/p>\n<p>Euxine Denizi olarak da bilinen Karadeniz, d\u00fcnyan\u0131n en b\u00fcy\u00fck su k\u00fctlelerinden biri ve \u00fcnl\u00fc bir i\u00e7 denizidir. Do\u011fu Avrupa ile Bat\u0131 Asya aras\u0131nda yer alan Atlantik Okyanusu&#8217;nun bu marjinal denizi, uzun s\u00fcredir efsanevi hale gelmi\u015ftir. Sadece ad\u0131ndan dolay\u0131 olduk\u00e7a bar\u0131nd\u0131r\u0131lamaz do\u011fay\u0131 ifade etmekle kalmay\u0131p, ayn\u0131 zamanda \u015fa\u015f\u0131rt\u0131c\u0131 derecede s\u0131ra d\u0131\u015f\u0131 olan bir dizi \u00f6zellik nedeniyle de pop\u00fcler olmu\u015ftur. Uzun bir s\u00fcre, denenmeyen bir deniz olarak adland\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131 ve bu su k\u00fctlesinin misafirperverli\u011fi eksikli\u011fi, navigasyondaki zorluklara ba\u011fland\u0131. Eski denizciler, kara denizleri k\u0131y\u0131lar\u0131nda vah\u015fi kabileler taraf\u0131ndan ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in gezinmesi zor bir su k\u00fctlesi olarak g\u00f6r\u00fcyordu. Ek olarak, alt su katmanlar\u0131nda ayr\u0131\u015fma s\u00fcrecinin yava\u015f olmas\u0131ndan dolay\u0131 Karadeniz Suyunun anoksik do\u011fas\u0131 da, korkun\u00e7 bir s\u00f6ylenti ile sonu\u00e7lanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r, bu da denizi rezil hale getirmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n<p>Bununla birlikte, zaman ge\u00e7tik\u00e7e, gezilmesi en zor su k\u00fctlelerinden biri olan Karadeniz&#8217;in g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcs\u00fc de\u011fi\u015fti. Zengin ve g\u00fczel flora ve fauna koleksiyonuna ve ondan fazla k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck adaya ev sahipli\u011fi yapan Karadeniz, art\u0131k d\u00fcnyan\u0131n pop\u00fcler turistik yerlerinden biri olarak ortaya \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131. Bunun yan\u0131 s\u0131ra, Karadeniz&#8217;i deniz tutkunlar\u0131na \u00e7eken bir\u00e7ok ilgin\u00e7 ger\u00e7ek var. \u0130\u015fte Karadeniz ile ilgili b\u00fcy\u00fcleyici bulaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131z <a href=\"https:\/\/www.marineinsight.com\/know-more\/8-amazing-facts-about-the-black-sea\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">sekiz ger\u00e7ek<\/a><\/p>\n<p>\u0130lgin\u00e7 ve neredeyse korkutucu bir ger\u00e7ek gibi g\u00f6r\u00fcnen \u015fey, \u00f6l\u00fclerin Karadeniz sular\u0131nda devam etti\u011fine inan\u0131l\u0131yor. Gemilerin ve insanlar\u0131n kal\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131 ve halatlar, ah\u015fap vb. Gibi di\u011fer ayr\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131labilir malzemeler, Karadeniz&#8217;in sular\u0131na girdikten y\u00fczlerce y\u0131l sonra deniz dibinde hala bulunabilir. Bu ger\u00e7e\u011fin heyecan verici oldu\u011fu gibi, bunun bilimsel a\u00e7\u0131klamas\u0131, bu denizin alt su katmanlar\u0131n\u0131n anoksik do\u011fas\u0131 nedeniyle, ayr\u0131\u015fma s\u00fcrecinin ihmal edilebilir derecede yava\u015f olmas\u0131, dolay\u0131s\u0131yla deniz suyunda \u00f6l\u00fclerin kal\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n kal\u0131c\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131d\u0131r. Ne yaz\u0131k ki, bu fenomen karadeniz hakk\u0131nda say\u0131 s\u00f6ylentilerinin yarat\u0131lmas\u0131na yol a\u00e7m\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>Karadeniz B\u00f6lgesine \u00f6zel \u00fcr\u00fcnlere <a href=\"https:\/\/www.karadenizdogal.com\/\">Karadeniz Do\u011fal online y\u00f6resel \u00fcr\u00fcnler sat\u0131\u015f<\/a> web sitesinden ula\u015fabilir. Adresinize teslim edilmesini sa\u011flayabilirsiniz. Taze ve lezzetli \u00fcr\u00fcnler direkt olarak \u00fcretildi\u011fi noktadan kap\u0131n\u0131za gelebilir.<\/p>\n<p>Karadeniz Do\u011fal, Karadeniz k\u0131y\u0131lar\u0131nda yeti\u015ftirilen ve \u00fcretilen \u00fcr\u00fcnlerin en uygun fiyatlarla t\u00fcketici ile bulu\u015ftu\u011fu web sitesidir. Arac\u0131 ve toptanc\u0131lar olmadan sat\u0131n alabilece\u011finiz y\u00f6resel \u00fcr\u00fcnler hem en do\u011fal hali ile hem de direkt olarak adresinize ula\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Sadece <a href=\"https:\/\/www.karadenizdogal.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Karadeniz Do\u011fal<\/a> websitesinizi ziyaret edip sipari\u015f vermeniz Karadenizin e\u015fsiz aromal\u0131 lezzetleri ile bulu\u015fman\u0131z i\u00e7in yeterli olacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Karadeniz B\u00f6lgesi (T\u00fcrk\u00e7e: Karadeniz B\u00f6lgesi) T\u00fcrkiye&#8217;nin co\u011frafi b\u00f6lgesidir. Samsun Bafra \u0130l\u00e7esindeki Delta, d\u00fcnyan\u0131n en b\u00fcy\u00fck sulak alanlar\u0131ndan biridir &#8211; benzersiz bir kanal, sazl\u0131k, g\u00f6l ve g\u00f6let ya\u015fam alan\u0131 ve Afrika d\u0131\u015f\u0131ndaki en b\u00fcy\u00fck pelikan kolonisi ve d\u00fcnyan\u0131n yar\u0131s\u0131ndan fazlas\u0131 dahil olmak \u00fczere y\u00fczlerce ku\u015f t\u00fcr\u00fc i\u00e7in \u00f6nemli bir \u00fcreme alan\u0131 c\u00fcce karabatak n\u00fcfusu. WWF, bu &hellip; <a href=\"https:\/\/www.sutyo.com\/tr\/karadeniz-dogal-yapisi\/\" class=\"more-link\">Okumaya devam et<span class=\"screen-reader-text\"> &#8220;Karadeniz Do\u011fal Yap\u0131s\u0131&#8221;<\/span><\/a><\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_exactmetrics_skip_tracking":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_active":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_note":"","_exactmetrics_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[2],"tags":[361,360,63,354],"class_list":["post-1573","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-sut-hakkinda","tag-deniz","tag-doga","tag-karadeniz","tag-karadeniz-dogal"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.sutyo.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1573","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.sutyo.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.sutyo.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sutyo.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sutyo.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1573"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/www.sutyo.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1573\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1583,"href":"https:\/\/www.sutyo.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1573\/revisions\/1583"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.sutyo.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1573"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sutyo.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1573"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sutyo.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1573"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}